By Kibash
This chapter is titled INTRODUCTION of the research. It describes the background, scope nd purpose of the research. The researcher is expected to present sufficient details regarding why the study was carried out. At times, there is usually none, one or two introductory paragraphs before the background. Chapter one consists of the following:
1. Background of the Study
2. Statement of Research Problem
3. Research Questions
4. Objectives of the Research
5. Research Hypotheses
6. Significance/ Justification for the study
7. Scope of the Study
8. Organisation of the Study.
Background
This section of the chapter contains general information about key and related issues which prompted the research. It also contains information about the existing issues associated with the research. It contains some mention of all subject matter in other chapters. In this section, the motivation to embark or carry out the research is understood. The section may be tagged "existing situation".
Statement of Research Problem
From the issues, problems which prompted the research are stated in this section. The problems that arise from the existing situation or issues are stated in this section. It contains general need of the study and specific problems that will be addressed.
Research Questions
These are form from the research problem, questions are asked from the problems stated.
Objectives of the Study
This is the key of the research, the reason for the research. It is one of the determinants of the type of analysis to use in chapter four. Objectives of the study seek to provide answers to research questions. Each objective must be simple and achievable for the researcher given time and all other constraints.
The nature of research most times determine how the objectives are stated. Common ones are; to examine impact, relationship, analyse or evaluate phenomenon . Variables in the objectives should be measurable and observable.
Some supervisors prefer the general objective ( must be suggested by topic) separated from sub-objectives. If one get it wrong at this stage, chapter four could be very difficult.
Research Hypotheses
This is a testable prediction for an observed phenomenon. Each research question will have both a null and an alternative hypothesis in a quantitative study. Qualitative studies do not have hypotheses, they are replaced with the primary research questions.
Significance/ Justification for the Study
This is all about the importance of the study or research to the society. It could be its potential contribution to knowledge both in academic and non-academic endeavours, recommendation of new policy measures or improvement of existing ones.
Scope of the Study
The topic defines the scope of the study. It includes the variables to focus on or assessed, time duration, population and study area. It talks about the limit or constraints of the study.
Organisation of the Study
This is the structure of the research. It analyses or summarises the chapters which the study is divided into and what each chapter entails. It is usually the last section of chapter one. It could be presented in paragraph form or numbered.
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